本帖最后由 赵叔 于 2016-7-25 13:23 编辑
【初一新生】英语老师提醒:初中生英语极易败在这个上面!
英语,一门贯穿幼儿、小初高乃至大学的学科。90%的老师提醒道:“如果初中英语语法不过关,此后的英语基本无缘高分!” 其实小学阶段已经开始接触英语语法,若小学英语不过关,还想学好初中英语?本文汇总了小学阶段须掌握的语法,重点讲解词类、句型和时态三大版块。学生们要趁此暑假,好好温习,为初一英语奠定良好基础。
【词类】
一、名词 即表示人和事物的词语,分为可数名词(能具体计算)和不可数名词(不能具体计算,很抽象)。可数名词有单、复数形式,不可数名词一般只有原形,没有复数形式。 重点说说“可数名词复数形式的构成规则”: ① 末尾直接加s book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds ② 以s、x、sh、ch结尾,加es bus-buses, box-boxes,brush-brushes,watch-watches ③ 以辅音字母+y结尾,变y为i,再加es baby-babies, library-libraries,factory-factories ④ 以f或fe结尾,变f或fe为v,再加es thief-thieves,knife-knives ⑤ 以o结尾,表示无生命的物体时加s, 表示有生命的物体时,加es photo-photos, piano-pianos,potato-potatoes,tomato-tomatoes, ⑥ 不规则变化
e.g. man-men child-children foot-feet fish-fish woman-women sheep-sheep 
二、代词 1、人称代词:表示“我、你、他、她、它、我们、你们、他们”。
2、物主代词:表示关系。 3、疑问代词 what | | —What’s your name? —My name is Tom. | | | —What colour is your coat? —It’s red. | | | —What day is it today? —It’s Monday. | | | —What date is it today? —It’s the first of June. | | | —What shape is the moon? —It’s round. | | | —What’s your father’s job? —He’s a bus driver. | | | —What time is it? —It’s ten o’clock. | | | —When is your birthday? —It’s on the first of May. | | | —Which is your watch, this one or that one? —That one. | | | —Where is my pen? —It’s on the floor. | | | —Who is the boy with big eyes? —He’s Liu Tao. | | | —Whose bag is this? —It’s Helen’s. | | | —Why are you absent today? —I’m ill. | | | —How do you go to school? —By bus. | | | —How many books are there? —There are five. | | | —How much is it? —Twenty yuan. | | | —How old are you? —I’m twelve. | | | —How far is it from here? —It’s about one kilometer. | | | —I’m thirsty. How about you? —Me, too. |
4、指示代词 this(这个)、these(这些)、that(那个)、those(那些)

三、形容词 形容和修饰作用,放在名词前。 beautiful girl 漂亮的女孩 A Perfect day 完美的一天
四、动词 表示动作、行为的词。 如:swim 游泳 run跑 laugh 笑 eat 吃
五、副词 修饰形容词、动词的词,用来说明程度和方式。 listen carefully 仔细听 这里的carefully就是修饰“listen”的副词。
【句型】 小学阶段学习的句型较浅
陈述句 This is my mother. 这是我妈妈 He likes to eat the apple. 他喜欢吃苹果
疑问句 What color is it ? 这是说明颜色? What day is today? 今天是星期几? What's the weather like yesterday? 昨天天气如何呢? What time is it now? 现在几点了? How many people are there in the room? 房间里总共多少人?
感叹句 She is very beautiful! 她好漂亮啊! The weather is so beautiful! 天气太美了!
否定句 Dad doesn't like watching TV. 爸爸不喜欢看电视
【时态】 一般现在时 经常发生或习惯性的动作、状态。 如:I often watch TV at the weekends. 我经常在周末看电视。 She sometimes goes to the park with her parents.她有时跟父母去公园。
现在进行时 表示现在或现阶段正在进行或发生的动作。句中常有now,look,listen 如:I am swimming now. 我正在游泳、。 Look! TOM is climbing the tree.看!汤姆正在爬树。 Listen! Someone is singing .听!有人在唱歌。 一般将来时 表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态,包括打算、计划和准备。 如:They will go swimming. 他们将去游泳。 I will meet her one day. 有一天,我会遇见她。
一般过去时 表示过去某个时间里发生的动作或存在的状态。 如:My sister often went to school by bike last term.我妹妹上学期经常骑车去上学。 They played games just now. 他们刚刚在打游戏。
过去进行时 表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作,或表示过去某一阶段一直在进行的动作。 如:I was talking with mom at that time. 那时,我正在跟妈妈说话。 He was doing homework just now. 刚刚他正在做作业。
以上都是小学阶段学习的基本语法知识,相对浅显,进入初中后,会学得更深入、更广泛,所以,准初一的学生们,搞定小学英语语法,学习初中英语时自然会更easy !
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